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wpfa,mufukdowfNyD;NyD igwkdYaps;aygNyD rif;r&Sdawmhbl;
uGsefawmfhukdowf - uJ aoNyD
rif; aoNyD rif; aoNyD
uGsefawmfhudkowf - uJ uav;awGudkowfNyD;NyD
'Dvkdqkd aiGoufomoGm;rSmaygh
tazu bmvkdYuav;okH;a,muf,lwmvJ
toufu aNcmufq,fNzpfaeNyD aiGvJr&Sdbl;
uvJ&fu uav;vkdcsifw,fav
igwkdYrMudK;pm;Munfh&if uvJ&fu ighukdxm;oGm;awmhrSm
olu 45 NzpfaeNyD b,folrS 'DvkdNzpfvmr,f rxifbl;av
igwkdYzefNyGefoaE©¾om;vkyfawmh q&m0efu ighukdrsufpdrSdwfNyw,f
rpkd;&drfeJY rpkd;&drfeJYwJh
igwkdY tawmfuHqkd;wm
tckavmavmqnf igwkdY 'D cspfp&muav;okH;a,muf&oGm;w,f
wpfckawmhaNymr,faemf
bmvJ
rif;taru rif;udkzsufcscsifwm
r[kwfbl; tJh'gtrSefyJ
tJh'g 70 wkef;u igwkdYu 22 yJ&Sdao;w,f
vlwkdif;vkyfaeMuwmyJ vdifqufqHNyD;&ifzsufcs
wu,fvm; - tif;
igwkdY q&m0efqDoGm;aewkef;rSm
cPapmifh yDZm pm;&if; pum;aNym&atmif
rif;aeYvnfpmpm;NyD; qufvkyfcsifao;&if
tJh'DyDZmu rif;toufukdu,fcJhwm
'gayr,fh ighudkaiGray;ygeJY igeJYrwefygbl;
uGsefawmfhukdtoufu,fcJhwJhtwGuf tazhukd b,favmufay;&rvJ
ighrSmeHygwfawmhr&Sdbl;av ay;aeustwkdif;yJ qufay;
[kdif; ydxf
&Sif uav;awGeJY bmvkdYrupm;aewmvJ
igwkdY wpfaeukef oleJYupm;aewmyg
ydxfu ighukdolYav;q,faNrmuf arG;aeYyGJtaMumif;aNymaewm
bmulnDEkdifrvJvkdY
olwkdYukd tpmauGs;NyD;NyDvm;
wpf0ufudkawmhauGs;NyD;NyD
wpf0uf
tkdau auGs;yghr,f tar auGs;yghr,f
*sufav,mOfab;u wlem;ukd b,fvkdpm;csifvJ
uGsefrtazukd &Smaewm toufMuD;MuD;wpfa,mufav
qkdeDu ydxfudk b,fvkdqufqHaevJ
ol qkdeDeJYr[kwfawmhbl; olY[mol NzpfaeNyD
tckqkd&if olwu,f0goemygwJh
tEkynm&SifawGukd tm&kHpkdufvkdY&aeNyD
aq'DtaNctae b,fvkdvJ
[kdwpfacgufNrifwkef;u Murf;NyifrSm csD&D,kd avhusihfaewm
npfywfaewmyJ
tif;
ol tysdKabmf0ifaeNyD
olu uav;av;r[kwfawmhbl;aygh
wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,mufawGY&wm aumif;ygw,f
tif; tJh'DtwGuf pDpOf&rSmaygh igvJ uav;awGukdawGYcsifaewm
'Dvkdqkd aumif;rSmyg tif;
tazhrSm tqifaNywJhaeY aumif;wJhaeY&Sdvm;
igwkdYtm;vyf&ufawGvkdYaNymrvkdYyJ 'gayr,fh tJh'D&ufawGuvJ pdwfysufp&m
abmvkH;yGJ uav;awGpmar;yGJ
ESpfbufvkH; tvkyf&IyfaewmyJav
ighrSmvJ uav;i,fawGeJY rif;rSmvJ uav;i,fawGeJY
tJh'DtwGufawmh ukd,fhukd,fukd &uf&ufpufpufra0zef&ifaumif;r,f
odygw,f orD; bmrSraNymygbl;
tckqkHNzpfwmyJ0rf;omw,f 'gaumif;wJh tpyJav
NyD;&if 'Dxuf MumMumaevkdY&Mur,f tqifaNyrSmyg
uav;awG"mwfykHMunfhcsifvm;
tif; 'gaygh
'gu u,fvf ighom;
acsmom;yJ 13 vm;
'gu tvufZef'&m; tazhorD; olu NyD;NynfhpkHrS
orD;eJYtawmfwlw,f
'gu umbkdrSm wpfzGJYvkH;
wpfqdwfavmuf taz tdrfomoGm;OD;r,f
Nyefvmr,f
tazeJY tareJYtaNymif;tvJav;awGvkyfxm;w,f
tm;vkH;usef;rmNyD;awmh aysmf&Tifatmif
tckavmavmqnf tarNyifxm;wJh [if;awGeJYpr,f
aumif;r,fhykHyJaemf Munfhraumif;bl;vm;
tJh'gbmvJ csdpftESpfvm;
r[kwfbl; wkdzl; zkwf
t&om&Sdygw,f
NyD;awmh qvwf&GufuvJt&om&Sdw,f
[if;tESpfrygyJ ol b,favmuft&om&SdvJqkdwm
odoGm;r,f
[if;tESpfu qvwf&Guf t&omppfppfukd Mum;0ifaESmifh,Sufaewm
aemufwpfcku tarwkdYokH;aewJh
tDvufx&Gef;epf ypönf;awGukdavQmhr,f
taNccHt&awmh 0dkfifzkdifrwyfawmhbl;
uGefysLwmyJokH;r,f
uGefysLwmukdvJ 8 em&DeJY 8;30 Mum;yJokH;r,f
uGefysLwmudk b,fvkdokH;rvJ
MudK;vkdif;udk rD;zkdxJrSmxm;w,f
tazwkdYu apmifhMunfhr,f
'DvkdvkyfvkdYr&ygbl; 0kdifzkdifukdNzKwfvkdYrbl;
0kdifzkdifrokH;&bl;
orD;u rdom;pkeJY tcsdefvkHvkHavmufavmufraebl;
zkef; r[kwf&if uGefysLwmeJYtcsdefukefaew,f
orD;u 'DrSmig;ESpfyJqufaeawmhrSm odvm;
'Dawmh ig;ESpfausmfoGm;&if orD;ukd rawGYawmhbl;vm;
r[kwfbl; tJh'Dus&iforD; tarwkdYeJYaeawmhrSmr[kwfbl;av
NyD;awmh orD;nDrav;eJY&if;ESD;oifhw,f
orD;twGuf NyD;NynfhpkHwJh oli,fcsif;u 'DrSmyJ
orD; oleJY oli,fcsif;rNzpfcsifbl;
ol touf 20 ykHrSefvlNzpfvmrS oli,fcsif;Nzpfr,f
orD; 20 NzpfoGm;&ifoleJY rqufqHcsifygbl;
tckawmif uGefysLwmrSm wpfcsdefvkH; tcsdefukefaewm
tNyifrSm upm;zkdYvkdw,f tNyifrSmupm;
wnfaqmufwmawGvkyfvkdY&w,f tNyifrSm &JwdkufaqufvkdY&w,f
&Jwkdufaqmufav
oli,fcsif;awGeJYupm;
&Jwkdufaqmuf&r,f tNyifbufrSm
NyD;awmh bmvkyf&rvJ
&JwkdufxJrSm bmvkyfrvJ
taruav;b0wkef;u opfyiftdrfawG aqmufNyD; wkwfacsmif;awGeJYupm;wmyJ
b,folrS wkwfacsmif;awGeJYrupm;bl;
orD;eJY csm;vuf vifrepfpwJef;zGifhvkdY&w,f
oHAl;cGHawGukd uef
tavmif;awGudk&Sm
tJh'g aysmfp&maumif;w,f
wkdif,mwpfvkH;eJY vrf;wpfavQmufacGvSdrfh
b,folrS tJh'grsdK;rvkyfawmhbl; tck 2012 NzpfaeNhyD
orD; enf;ynmrvkdygbll;
enf;ynmrvkdbl;
csm;vuf csxm;vkduf
orD;udk uGefysLwmeJYwpfcsdefvkH; apmifhMunfhp&mrvkdbl;
orD; raumif;wm bmwpfckrS rvkyfbl;
b,folrSvJ orD;qkd;w,fvkdYraNymygbl;
orD; rvkyfoifhwmawG rvkyfbl;
oDcsif;awG w&m;r0ifa'gif;vkyfrqGJbl;
0if'Dvkd tNymum;awG rMunfhbl;
ol tawmfraumif;wmvJ aemufwpfcg tdrfukdrvmapeJYawmh
tNymum;qkdwm bmvJ
r[kwfbl; oluaNymif;zl;vkdYaNymwm
'g uGsefrNzpfapcsifovkd Nzpfrvmbl;
orD; rqmbl;
uGefysLwm rokH;&bl; tarhpum;udk em;axmif
orD; tdrfpmvkyfzkdYvkdw,fav
ol igwkdYpum;udk em;raxmifbl;
tif; acgif;rmw,f
'gtaumif;qkH;arG;aeYvufaqmifyJ
ta0;ukdoGm;&wmaumif;ygw,f
v*lemukd uav;awGrygyJ ra&mufwm tawmfMumNyD
odw,f igwkdYaysmf&if olwkdYaysmfw,f
[kwfw,f uGsefr onf;rcHEkdifbl;
a[mfrkef;awG ikdwmawG
tdrfpmvkyf&r,fwJh
'Daomufuav;awG
wpfcsdefvkH; trsdK;rsdK;awmif;qkdaeNyD;
bmudkrS wefzkd;rxm;wwfbl;
tawmfwukd,faumif;qefwJh[mawG
uGsefr pdwfraumif;bl; olwkdYukdcspfw,f
igodw,f
tckawmifvGrf;aeNyD tdrfNyef&ifaumif;rvm;
[ifhtif;
uGsefrwkdY bmvkdY&efNzpfMuwmvJ
igrodbl; vkH;0 t"dyÜg,fr&Sdbl;
vkH;0 t"dyÜg,fr&Sdbl;
igwkYd&efNzpfwJhtcg
ighrsufvkH;awGxJukdMunfhNyD;awmh tck 'Dtcsdefav;ukdowd&
igwkdY &efNzpfp&mrvkdbl;qkdwm odMu
'gayr,fh &Sifu wpfcgwpfav rkduf&kdif;w,f
ig&kdif;wm igodw,f
vlawGu igwkdYudk oabmaumif;w,fxifw,f 'gayr,fh igu &kdif;wwfw,f
0efcHay;wm aus;Zl;yg
ighudkt&rf;a'goxGuf&if rif; ighudkowfcsifovkdyJ
uGsefr &Sifhukdwu,fowfcsifw,f
b,fvkdowfrSmvJ
uGsefr &Sifhudktqdyfcwfr,f
&SifaeYwkdif;rpm;csifa,mif[efaqmifaewJh udwfrkefYxJukd tqdyfcwfr,f
wpfNznf;Nznf;yJNzpf&atmif tvkHtavmufyJxnfhr,f
oabmusw,f
uGsefrwkdY&JU aemufqkH;vydkif;av;awGukd aysmfr,f
bmaMumifhvJqkdawmh &Sifu tm;enf;vmr,f oabmaumif;vmr,f
uGsefr &Sifhukdapmifha&SmufEkdifygw,f
'gayr,fh owfaewJhtcsdefrSm
igwkdYESpfa,mufb0rSm bmudkoabmusvJodvm;
rif; ighudktHhMoapEkdifwkef;yJ
rif; ighukd tqdyfwpfckeJY owfr,fvkdY xifw,f
'gayr,fh rif;u vcsDNyD;awmh vkyfrSmwJh
&Sif uGsefrukdowfzkdYawG;rdvm;
tif;aygh - wu,fvm;
tif;
b,fvkdvkyfrSmvJ opfckwfvTeJY
tif;
opfckwfvTeJY
tif;
rif; zm*kdMunfhzl;w,f rvm;
tif;
'DtMuHraumif;bl; udwfrkefY tMuHu aumif;w,f
tif; rif;rSefw,f
igrif;udkrowfygbl;
cspfw,f
ig bm,lvmvJ odvm;
aq;aNcmufuGwfuD; bifef NyD;cJhwJh c&pfprwfu ay;xm;wm
bmvJ
tif; ig,lvmcJhw,f - bm
acsmuvufNym;
vkyfMurvm;
uGwfuD;pm;r,f NyD;&if csdpfbm*grSmr,f
tcef;rSm &orQ qm;ApfawG tukefrSmpm;r,f
tm;vkH;rSm &SifeJYwefw,f wu,f
igtouf&SnfNyD; pdwfqif;&Jaer,hftpm;
aysmfaysmf&Tif&TifeJY toufwkdwkd aeoGm;&wm ykdoabmrusbl;vm;
tif; tJh'gudk uGsefrckrS owdxm;rdw,f
uGwfuD;oGm;,l - uGwfuD;oGm;,lr,f
uGwfuD;oGm;,l
igwkdY uGwfuD;pm;&ifeJY tNymum;Munfh&ifaumif;rvm;
tNymum; wpfbavmuf rSmrvm;
uGsefrwkdY 24 em&Davmuf tNymum;awGrvkdygbl;
'gayr,fh ESpfum;qkd&if 24 em&DpmeJY twlwlavmufyJusw,f
tJh'Davmufusawmh t&rf;rsm;w,f
igwkdYtm;vkH;Munfhp&mrvkdbl; aps;wefw,fav
b,favmufpm;&rSmvJ
rodbl; aNcmufck ckESpfckaygh
NyD;awmh a[mif;aeNyDqkdawmh avsmhukefavmufygNyD
pGrf;tif
uGsefrwkdY vdifrsm;rsm;qufqHoifhw,f
rdef;uav;awG twGufusawmh odyfvG,fw,faemf
ukd,fhvdift*FgawGNyvkduf&if vkyfcsifwkdif;vkyfvkdY&NyD
zdtm;u a,mufsm;awGtwGufyJ
rSefw,f
iga,mufsm;awGukdMunfhwJhtcg rif;om;vdkvlrsdK;ukdMunfhw,f
ol vdifqufqHwm odw,f
tif;
igu rif;om;vkdr[kwfbl;
rif;om;awGvJ vkyfEkdifw,f
igu a';Apf&Tif;rm;vkd
[kwfw,f
z&efYxJu a&mhpfvkdrsdK;
[kwfw,f
aumif;r,fhykHyJ
ol b,fvkdvkyfwmvJ
ZGef;ysH
ighukdMunfhprf;
igh[migpm;vkdYr&bl;
igh[migpm;aew,f
'Dtcef;rSm MuGuf&Sdw,fxifw,f
awGYvm; tckwifNrifvkdufw,f
ighMu,fig;awGYrdvm;
Mu,fig; b,frSmxm;vkdufvJ
'DtDuvJ&fukd rsdkcsr,f
igrif;eJYt&rf;erf;csifwmyJ
uGsefr touf&IusyfvmNyD
aysmfp&maumif;om;yJ
tar csm;vufikdaew,f
ol em;ukdufvkdYwJh
bmvkyf&rvJ rodbl;
tdrfNyefa&mufNyD
tqifaNyvm;
bmNzpfvkdYvJ
orD; em;udkNzwfypfcsifw,f t&rf;emw,f
tJh'Duav;q&m0efu bmrS rodygbl;vkdYaNymom;yJ
q&m0efukdawmh 'DvkdraNymygeJY
uav;awGrSmem;ukdufw,fqkdwm xkH;pHygyJ
aNcmufESpfausmfwJhuav;awGrSm rNzpfbl;
ta&SUwkdif;q&m0efqDoGm;r,f
ol 'Davmufemae&if wu,fhq&m0efqDoGm;oifhw,f
tck vmaemufaewmvm;
odw,f tkdau
&kd;&kd;&Sif;&Sif;yJvkyfoifhw,f
EkdYxGufypönf; *sKH oMum; rpm;&bl;
oMum;eJY *sKHeJY EkdYxGufypönf;
'gqkd bmusefrvJ
aqm&D;
tm;vkH;u oMum;&,f *sKH&,f EkdYxGufypönf;&,fyJ r[kwfvm;
ol toD;t&GufawGpm;vkdY&w,fav
tkd; oltoD;t&Gufpm;vkdY&w,fvm;
toD;t&Guf [kwfw,f
b,fvkdtoD;rqkdvm;
o&ufoD; emewfoD;
pm;vkdY&wJh toD;eJY pm;vkdYr&wJhtoD;qkdwm
r&Sdbl;vm;
tmvl;aMumfqkd&ifaum
tJh'grsdK;&vm; - cifAsm;tqifaNy&JUvm;
pm;yGJqD vmcsifvm;
pm;yGJqDvmygvm;
pm;yGJqD rvmcsifygbl;
[ifhtif; Munfh&wm vkdtyfaewJhykHpHyJ
rwufcsifygbl;
ydxf
bmvkyfaewmvJ
ighudkwpfck vmMunfhay;prf;yg
bmaMumifhvJ
'DrSm wpfckck&Sdaew,fvkdYxifw,f
ig ukdif;MunfhvkdYr&bl;
rif;Munfhay;
ptkdyufMum;tyfwmvm; wkwfvm; bmvm;
&Sifu zkef;eJYbmvkyfaewmvJ
tifwmeufuawGYwm wpfckeJY ,SOfMunhf&atmif
uGsefrwkdY qufqHa&;rSm vQdKU0Sufcsufav;awG
qufxm;&ifaumif;rvm;
rif; uav;ESpfa,mufarG;wm igNrifNyD;om;
tck wu,fvkyfay;prf;yg
uGsefr &Sifhzifukd rMunfhcsifygbl;
tck Nyefay;qyfawmh
tJh'g pdwfxJu xkwfvkdufawmh
ol t0wfawG b,fu&vJ tJh'Dt0wfawGu aps;MuD;w,f
pOf;pm; pOf;pm;aemf
uGsefr &uf&ufpufpufawmh raNymcsifygbl;
'gayr,fh olYyg;pyfu xGuforQ tukeftvdrftnmawGcsnf;yJ
tJh'gawGtukefu tvum;
tm;vkH;tvdrfawGcsnf;yJ
tJh'DvkdraNymygeJY
uGsefru qkdiftwGufpkd;&drfvkdYaNymwmyg
oleJYoGm;aNymvkdufyhgr,f
a'pD
tNyifrSm&yfxm;wm rif; tul&mvm;
tif;
aumif;vkdufwm
&Sif oabmusvm;
tJh'g ay:a&S;awmh r[kwfbl; 'gayr,fh avmavmqnfawmh tJh'DavmufeJYtqifaNyygw,f
a'pD igwkdYqkdifrSm&SdwJh t0wftpm;awG
0wfay;vkdY&rvm;
tif; tif; aqm&D;
tJh'g tqifaNyrSmvm;
aumif;wmayhg
aumif;vm;
'Dwpfcku uGsefrukd,fwkdifvkyfxm;wm
[kwfvm;
usm;av pm&Gufykdif;av;awGay:rSm oyfoyfvkyfxm;wm
aemufawmhrS &Syfay:ukdaNymif;vkdufwm
rif;usm;ukdykHazmfxm;wmaygh
tif; pm&Gufay:rSm qGJNyD;awmh
tJh'DykHukd &Syfay:ukd aNymif;vdkufwm
rif; cE©mukd,fu odyfvSw,f
[kwfvm;
tif; tJh'gawGu tppfawGvm;
uGsefr &ifom;awGvm; - tif;
ukdifcsifvm;
wu,fvm;
ukdifMunfhav
wu,faumif;w,faemf rmw,f tppf
rrfrkd&DarGY,mvkdyJ
wrfygyl'pfvkdyJ
Munfhaumif;w,f
ighuav;awGuawmh ightom;ukd pkyfxkwfoGm;wm
[ifhtif; - tif;
'DrSm tom;awG&Sdw,f
iguav;arG;NyD;uwnf;u &ifom;awGr&Sdawmhwm 'Dwkdif;xGufoGm;wm
Elwffawmifrqufbl;
uGsefr av;q,fqkd&if olwdkY uGsefrudk csefe,frSmwifvdrfhr,f
ighukd,fig twGufpdwfraumif;bl;
tdrftay:urf;vSrf;rIu aumif;ygw,f
uGsefawmfwkdY 'DxufarQmfvifhxm;wm
aps;uGufraumif;wmawmh odygw,f
'gayr,fh tJh'g arQmfvifhxm;wm xuf odyfedrfhaew,f
aps;uGuftaNctaet&qkd&if aiG&w,fvkdYawmifaNymEkdifw,f
tJh'g ukd,f&rSmxufawmif trsm;MuD;omao;w,f
'gayr,fh 'DvlawGu tD&efuvmwm
'gayr,fh olwkdY trsm;MuD;urf;vSrf;wmukd odawmifrodbl;
'wfbD oabmwlr,fvkdYxifvm;
rodbl; raNymwwfbl;av
&if;ESD;xm;wmawGu trsm;MuD;yJ
olu bmNzpfaewmvJ
olu vufawGYruswJh arQmfvifhcsufawG&Sdwwfw,f
igrif;xufykdNrefw,f
igwkdYu *sK;awG
ighukdowd&aevm; x&mApf
tJh'g *sufcfyg
*sufcf
tazu uGsefawmfh emrnfukdrodbl;
tkdau vm oGm;r,f
olwkdYrNyefcif orD; c&pfpw,fawG NyvkdY&rvm;
tif; tNrefvkyf
&ygw,f
oGm; OD;av;av;awGeJYoGm;upm;
vlowfwrf;upm;&atmif tif; oGm;r,f
bmvkyfaewmvJ aEGOD;oefY&Sif;a&;vm;
tdrfrSm &SdwJhtxJu upD"mwfeJY oMum;ygwm rSeforQ &Sif;xkwfaewm
upD"mwfu bmNzpfvkdYvJ
upD"mwfuvltwGuf raumif;bl;
igawmh rxifbl; tJh'g *sKHyJav
a'gufwm tkdYZf Munfhvm;
pkef;um;vm;
tar orD;wkdY csufzkdY uGefysLwm okH;vkdY&rvm;
pnf;rsOf;awG rSwfrdvm; 8;00 uae 8;30 av
tif; 'gayr,fhorD; oli,fcsif;ac:xm;w,fav
tif; 0if'D igodw,f
oGm;upm;Mu &JwkdufoGm;aqmufygvm;
tvmrkdukd rSwfrdvm;
t&ifwkef;u &Jwkdufaqmufzl;vm; 0if'D
azphfbkwfrSmvm;
rif;vTifhypfrSmqkd ig'g,loGm;r,f
igwkdY tdrfrSmu *sKHpm;orm;awG
'gayr,fh &Sifhuav;awG MuD;vmwJhtxd apmifhMunfhzkdY toufr&Snfcsifbl;vm;
'gu bk&m;ocifeJYqkdifygw,f
[ifhtif; 'gayr,fh tJh'g uav;awGtwGuf wu,fraumif;bl;
uav;awGu NrufvJpm;aewmyJ bmrSrNzpfygbl;
0if'D taru olYudk b,ftcsdefNzpfNzpf okH;cGifhay;w,f
tif; uGsefr taru at;aq;yJ
tdrfpmvkyf&ifNyD;a&m
tif;
iguawmh at;aq;r[kwfbl;
'Dtdrfu pnf;rsOf;awGu uGmNcm;vkdYyg
orD;u 0if'DxuftrSwfykd&w,f
[kwfw,f olodyfawmfw,f
oMum;vkH;awG,lyg&apOD;
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olwkdYu bPfaMumfNimxJu pkHwGJvkdyJ
&SifwkdYykHpHu tJh'Dvkd
aygaMumifaMumif bPfaMumfNimxJu pkHwGJeJYwlaew,f
tck pum;aNymaewmawG tusdK;r&SdvmEkdifbl;
uGsefr aNcaxmufESpfbufrSm "m;wyfNyD;awmh
olwkdYrsufESmukd aNcaxmufeJY Nzwfuefcsifw,f
&SifhukdMunhf&wm uGsefr wu,faMumufvmNyD
MuGufwpfaumifukd acsmifydwf&kduf&if 'DvkdNzpfoGm;r,f
uGsefrudk acsmifvmydwf&if NzwfukdufoGm;rSmyJ
udkufrSmaemf
uwfo&if; &Sif 'Dxuf tqifhtwef;&Sdygw,f
oGm;prf;yg a*s;vf &SifvJ raumif;wJhrdef;ryJ
tJh'gaMumifh vlawG &Sifhukdrkef;wm
'g csD;vkdyJ bmrS oufa&mufrIr&Sdbl; tvum; t"dyÜg,fr&SdwmawG
&Sifha,mufsm; aooGm;wmvJ uGsefr0rf;omw,f
&Sifu ,kwfrmvGef;vkdY olYudk,fol owfaooGm;wmNzpfr,f
tkdau uwfo&if; bmawGNzpfcJhwmvJqkdwm uGsefr oabmaygufygNyd
uGsefrwkdY b,fvkdvleJY qufqHae&vJ &SifodNyDvm;
orD; tJh'DMuufrpm;bl;
bmvkdYvJ
orD; toD;t&GufyJpm;awmhr,f
reufNzefrS orD; toD;t&Gufppm;vkdYr&bl;vm;
tazwkdY orD;pmawGckd;zwfaewmvm;
[ifhtif; rzwfygbl; - tif; zwfw,f
tarwkdYu orD;ukdapmifhMunfh&rSmav
b,fvkdodoGm;wmvJ
*sdK;qufyfu oleJY olYtarukd vmaomif;usef;oGm;wmaNymw,f
tazwkdYu &l;aewmwJh uGsefr oabmwlw,f
[kwfNyD vmNyD; rav;rpm;rqufqHeJY
tazwkdYuom rav;rpm; qufqHwm
orD;pmawGukdzwfw,fqkdwm 'kdif,m&DukdzwfovkdyJ
orD;u csufwifxJrSm odyf,Ofaus;w,f
tJh'DtwGufvJ tarwkdY*kPf,lw,f
tif; NyD;awmh uGefysLwmeJYzkef;awGNyefay;awmhrvkdY
tkdau tJh'gyxrqkH; w&m;0if qJwmyJ
orD;udk 'DtdrfrSm 'Dvkdoifay;cJhwm r[kwfbl;aemf
tarwkdY tdrfrSm wpfcsdefvkH; 'DvkdyJpum;aNymaeMuwmyJ
NyD;awmh *sdK;qufyfeJYolYtarukda&myJ *sdK;qufyfidkoGm;w,f
*sdK;qufyfu eifhudkoabmusaew,f eifu ikdwwfwJhaumifav;udkoabmusw,f
yg;pyfydwfxm; csm;vuf
tarwkdY orD;ukd t&rf;ukdNyD;NynfhpkHapcsifw,f trSm;rvkyfapcsifbl;
'gqkd&ifawmh ESpfa,mufvkH;&l;aewmyJ
wpfcsdefvkH;tarwkdY&efNzpfaewmyJ 7efrNzpf&ifvJ ykdawmifqkd;ao;w,f
wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf tMumMuD; pum;raNymyJaeMuw,f
orD; bmvkyfvkyftao;tzGJawGutp vkdufMunfhw,f
orD;ukd r,kHbl; pdwfrcsbl;
tJh'gudk t&rf; pdwfysufvmNyD
tif; qJw,f bmNzpfvJ
orD;udk tdrfydwfcsifydwf bmukdrS *&krpkdufawmhbl;
tm;vkH;udkrkef;w,f
tm;vkH;&l;ukefNyD orD;rSm oli,fcsif;r&SdvJ *&krpkdufbl;
orD; vkdpfhudpö a'goxGufaewkef;vm;
tif; a'goxGufwmaygh
ord; ypönf;awG aemufqkH;ESpfykdif; rMunfhEkdifcif vmodrf;oGm;wm
NyD;awmh bmawGNzpfoGm;vJqkdwmvJ rrSwfrdbl;
ol uGsefrwkdYvkdyJNzpfvmaeNyD
tJh'DvkdNzpfvmr,fqkd orD;tysdKrNzpfcsifawmhbl;
eif b,fuawGYvmwmvJ
ckd;vmwm
rvkdygbl;
igwkdYuav;awG &l;aew,f
tJh'g igwkdYtrSm;yJ
'DudpöukdNyefvSnfhvkdY&atmif wpfckckvkyfEkdifrvm; 'grSr[kwf
aq'Du 13 ESpf olvrf;aMumif;aysmufoGm;Ekdifw,f
ol 'Dvkdpum;rsdK; b,fu wwfvmwmvJ
uGsefrwkdY 'Dvkdpum;raNymygbl;
igvJ rodbl;
aq'Du 'DvkdNzpfaewm igwkdYaMumifhvm;
a[mfrkef;&,f vkdpfh&,faMumifhvm;
a*sa*s tmb&rf
ol orD;udkzsufqD;aewm
'DaomufpmMurf;ykd;
igwkdYESpfa,muftwGuf pdwfraumif;bl; igwkdYESpfa,muftwGuf pdwfraumif;bl;
&kwfw&ufMuD; uGsefrwkdYu raumif;wJhpGrf;tifawGukd qGJac:aeovkdyJ
vlawGbmvkdY vmwkdufckdufaewmvJ
b,fvkdvkyfMurvJ taumif;qkh;MudK;pm;aewmyJ
igwkdY&efNzpfwJhtaMumif; aqG;aEG;Murvm;
tckawmif zdtm;awGrsm;aeygNyD
tJh'Dwpfckukdawmh xm;vkdufygawmh
tif;
wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf cGifhvTwfxm;vkdufMur,f
aumif;ygNyD aus;Zl;yg
NyD;awmh ightazudpöpdwfraumif;ygbl;
olu vwfvsm;vwfvsm;tcsdefNzKef;wwfwm igpdwfraumif;ygbl;
trSefwkdif;uawmh igwkdYeJYawmifrqkdifygbl;
igwkdYrdbawGeJYqkdifrSm
uGsefrwkdY wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf a'goxGufwmr[kwfbl; olwkdYudka'goxGufaewm
tJh'gyJ tJh'gyJ
olwkdYukdcspfNyD;awmh olwkdYtpGrf;awGudk z,fxkwfvkduf&atmif
tJh'DvkdvkyfvkdY&rvm;
tif;
awmfygao;&JU
tckawmif aevkdYaumif;oGm;NyD
&Sifa&m - iga&myJ
tJh'g uGsefrwkdYr[kwfbl; olwkdY
'gaygh
bmvkyfaewmvJ ygwDtwGufNyifawmhav
orD; vkdYpf aemufqkH;tykdif;udk MunfhNyD;NyD
tckavmavmqnf tJh'DtwGuf tcsdefr&Sdbl;
vlawG trsm;MuD; vmawmhr,f
olwkdYtm;vkH;aoukefNyD
bm
*sufcf udwf aqm&m
tJh'D&Id;taMumif; *&krpkdufbl; - *sdK; qrf
tkdau tckcsufcsif; a&oGm;csdK; t0wfvJ
'gudkcPxm;vkdufawmh aeOD; *sLvD,uf
'DvlawGtm;vkH;
'DaeY vkdphftaMumi;frawG;eJY
reufNzefus&if wpfaeukef vkdpfh t&rf;Mum;csifaevdrfhr,f
*sufcf wu,fvm; rNzpfEkdifwm avmavmqnf a&csdK;
taz&JU aygaMumifaMumif ruf'fref;ukd ra0zefbl;aemf
yxrqkH; taz ruf'fref;udk 'DavmufrpGJbl;
ruf'fref; aumif;rSraumif;wm
'Gef&Dyg Nzwfoef;cJhwmawGu
*sufcf tJh'DuGsef;ay:rSm avQmufaNy;aewmxuf trsm;MuD;omw,f
vlawG &kH;cef;xJrSm aq;vdyfxkdifaomufaewm rkdufrJw,f
tJh'Dxuf trsm;MuD;omygw,f orD; 1960 avmufwkef;u
b,fvkdqkdwm b,fvkdvkyfem;vnfrSmvJ
taz ruf'fref;Munfh&if; ikdw,f
ikdwm r[kwfbl; tJh'gukdwefzkd;xm;wm
awmhypfacsmfoGm;NyD
oGm; t0wftpm;vJ
eif 'Dudkvmwm tawmfyJ
taNctaeawGxl;Ncm;ukef&if cHomwmaygh
tif; igcHay;zkdYtoifhygyJ
tJh'D vufokwfyk0gawG,l
tJh'Daumifrav;u rif;qDrSm tvkyfvkyfwm
tif; tJh'g olyJ 'wfbD qDrSmvkyfwm
oabmaumif;r,fhykHyJ
ighrdef;ru b,fawmhrS 'Dvkd0efxrf; tvef;awGcefYcGifhray;bl;
- [kwfvm; - [ifhtif;
igwkdYqDrSm tvkyfvkyfwJh rdef;rwkdif;u
qkd;&Gm;wJh rawmfwqrIMuKHcJh&ovkdyJ
tck igEkdifoGm;NyD eifi ghuGsefNzpfNyD
eifha,mufsm;ukd olYtem;rSm pdwfcsvm;
ydfxfu bmvkyf&rvJawmifrodbl;
tckavmavmqnf igwkdYrdef;rawG igwkdYukdMunfhaew,fxifw,f
aocsmwmaygh - tif;
olwkdYukdMunfh&wm ESmbl;awGvkdyJ
aus;Zl; cifAsm;vmwm uav;awG 0rf;omaew,f
tm;vkH;tNyifrSm
b,fvkdvJ aeaumif;vm;
awGY&wm0rf;omw,f
aysmf&TifzG,farG;aeYNzpfygap ydxf
awGY&wm0rf;omvkdufwm
aus;Zl; tbGm;armfvD
'Dusufoa&&SdwJh..
[ifhtif; oabmaygufw,f bmvkdY vkyfoifhvJqkdwm pOf;pm;aewm
ydxf a*sqifvmaew,f
a*sqif [kdif;
taNctae b,fvkdvJ a*sqif
taNctaeaumif;wJhykHyJ aus;Zl;yg
rif aumifrav;ukd vkyfay;xm;wm b,fvkdoabm&vJ
'wfbD&JU tNyD;cE©mukd,fukd oabmusvm;
rkdufw,f Nyvkdufprf;yg
'DrSmMunfh vSw,faemf
zifukdMunfh tck tJh'g 'Dupw,f
t&ifwkef;u 'Dbufupw,f
igyJ wifay;vkdufwm
&ygw,f
rif;u avhusihfa&;rSL;vm;
tif;
'gayr,fh cE©mudk,fykdif;udkr[kwfbl; pdwfykdif;qkdif&mukd
eifwkdYpum;aNymoifhw,f tqifaNyMurSmyg
vm aNymp&m&Sdw,f
tif;
a&ul;uefxJu b,folvJ - igh[m
[,fvkd 'wfbD
b,fvkdvJ aumif;ygw,f
uGsefra,mufsm; ydxfukd rSwfrdvm;
tif; rif;qHyif&Snfvmawmh odyfrrSwfrdbl;
tckwavm &Snfvmw,f
aysmf&TifzG,farG;aeYNzpfygap
aus;Zl;trsm;MuD;wifygw,f
odyfoufwrf;&ihfwJh paumhcsf
'dwfvGefraebl;vkdYarQmfvifhygw,f
[ifhtif; paumhcsfawG 'dwfrvGefygbl;
ESpfMumav aumif;avyJ
tif; [ifhtif; uGsefawmfodygw,f
aumif;om;yJ0ifcJhav
aqm&D;
csDEkdrSm bmvkyfvJ tkdvDAm
igu qm*sifyg
b,fvkdrsdK;vJ aumif;wmaygh
ausm&kd; t"duaygh
t"duu ausm&kd;ckH; cGJpdwfrIaygh
taru uGsefawmfhudk ausm&kd;apmif;aew,fvkdY aNymzl;w,f
uGsefawmfu enf;enf;ukdif;awmh 'gayr,fh tJh'Dvkdr[kwfygbl;
rifukdMunfh&wm ykHrSefr[kwfwmawmh aocsmw,f
aqm&D; igwkdYaemufusoGm;w,f
ig ukd,fhukd,fudk rsdK;yGm;aewm
reufNzef ckESpfa,mufxyf&r,f
qHyifukdykHpHrwlatmifnSyfvkdufNyD olwkdY b,folvJqkdwm odoGm;NyD
rif; qHyiftopfukdMudKufw,frvm; x&mApf
uGsefawmfu *sufcfyg
'gaygh
v,f&D 'g uGsefrtaz
[kwfvm; tqifaNyvm;
tkdvDAm tkdvDAm
enf;enf;xyf&rvm;
aus;Zl;NyKNyD; tkdvDAm enf;enf;xyfay;yg
tJh'D&kyf&Sifukd uGsefawmfoabmusw,f
[ifhtif; - 'Dem;rSm ,m;aew,f
aqm&D; uGsefru uvJ&fyg v,f&DU trsdK;orD;
awGY&wm 0rf;omygw,f uGsefr uav;awGukd oGm;xdef;vkdufOD;r,f
olYukdwpfaeukefNrif&awmhrSmr[kwfbl;
igulnDyghr,f rdef;r 'gayr,fh igu aoG;wufaew,f
NyD;awmh rulnDcsifygbl;
bmaomufrvJ
tif; 0kdifNzLNzpfNzpf
0kdifNzL - tif;
tNyif;yJ - tif;
'wfbDrSm taz&Sdr,fvkdY b,folxifxm;rvJ
15 ESpvkH; cifAsm; b,fa&mufaevJ
[meDum c&pfprwf &mrm'ef b,fawmhrS rawGY&bl;
cifAsm; 'DudpöawGrSm b,fvkdvGwfcJhvJ rdef;r&Sdvm;
tif; uGsefawmfhrdef;r tdrfrSm
ol bmvkdYrvmwmvJ
aqmufvkyfa&;u tcktacsmowfaew,f
rdef;rwpfa,mufudk tacsmowfckdif;w,f
olu apmifhMunfhay;wmyg
tkdau
uav;awG
Munfhprf; 'Duav;awG tawmfMuD;vmwmyJ
aq'D
v,f&D aq'D
tar tkdvDAm qkdwm b,folvJ
bmudkaNymwmvJ
olu tarhtazvm;
olu tarh arG;taz
tJh'g bmoabmvJ
tJh'g tarh tar tbGm;u
oleJY tarh tareJY uav;arG;w,f tJh'gu tar
'Dvkdqkd orD;wkdYtbkd;aygh
'gawmh rif;wkYdtarukd ar;Munfhav
tif; xifwmyJ
'Dvkdqdk olu ord;wkdYtbkd;aygh
Nzpfapcsifvm;
tif; 'Dawmh aemuftbkd;wpfa,muf xyf&wmaygh
aemuftbkd;wpfa,muf wrfykdvkdif;eJYoGm;aqmhr,f
tawmfawmh ae&xkdif&cufp&myJ
tenf;qkH;awmh 'Drdef;rvSav;u igwkdY tm&kHvmvTJay;aewmyJ
Munfhprf; rNrifvkdufbl;
igNrifvkdufw,f
&SifwkdY twlwlvmwmvm; &SifwkdYu twGJvm;
igwkdYu twGJr[kwfbl; vkH;0 r[kwfbl;
aqm&D; tJh'Drkwfqdwfu enf;enf;
rSefygw,f - uGsefru ,lqvkdufwmyg
'ga,mufsm;ppfrkwfqdwfyg
taNcmufrkwfqdwfeJYa,mufsm;rkwfqdwfeJY
bmuGmwm&SdvJ
teHYaygh
ausm&kd; qm*sif
tJh'g qm*sifawGxJrSm tNrifhqkH;xifw,faemf
EsL&kdwkdY um'D,kdwkdY&Sdao;w,fav
'gayr,fh uGsefawmfwkdYvJ ta&;MuD;wJh tydkif;uawmh ygygw,f
cifAsm;aeYwkdif; atmfya&;&Sif;vkyf&vm;
wpf&ufwnf;eJY tMudrfrsm;rsm;
okH;cg av;cg aygh
aps;ua&m uGsefawmf..
uGsefawmf raNymwmyJ aumif;ygw,f
t&rf;rsm;vkdY cifAsm; aNzzkdY&Sufaewm
&Sufw,fvkdYawmh raNymygbl;
'DrSm cg;udkif;wJholawG&Sdvm;
rawGYrdygbl;
tJh'gbmaMumifhvJqkdawmh ausm&kd;qm*sif&SdaevkdYaygh
tJh'g cifAsm;aMumifh
uGsefawmf cg;udkif;wpfa,mufudkrawGYav
cifAsm; ykdcsrf;omvmav
cifAsm;u bDw,fvfukd oabmusw,faemf
bDw,fvfukd rMudKufwJhol b,fol&SdvJ
[ifhtif; b,folrSr&Sdbl;
&,f&w,f odyf&,f&w,f
&Sifh oauFwmu bmvJ
vkdifbk&m - tkd;
tJh'graumif;bl; [ifhtif; q&m
tJh'graumif;bl; uGsefrtwGuf tJh'graumif;bl;
vdifeJYqkd vkH;0,SOfvkdYr&bl;
r[kwfygbl;aemf
ESarsmp&myJ
tif; tJh'g tawmfqkd;w,f
-rif;rodygbl; - &Sifa&m
ig uefqm
[kwfvm; tJh'gaumif;vm;
tJh'g bmt"dyÜg,fvJ
tJh'gxl;qef;w,f
awm&yfpfeJY uefqm qkdwmu Zdk;'D,ufeJY zl;pmzufawG
vkH;0 o[ZmwNzpfw,f
&SifhvkdtyfrIawGukd uGsefru nSday;w,f uGsefr vkdtyfwmawGukd &Sifu Nznfhay;w,f
NyD;awmh uefqm tawmfrsm;rsm;u a,mufsm;[m MuD;Muw,f
rif;uvJ &SufatmifvmaNymaew,f aus;Zl;yg
[ifhtif; aumif;ygw,f
uJ cGufaNrSmufqkawmif;csifw,f
MuGa&mufvmwJhtwGuf tm;vkH;udk aus;Zl;wifygw,f
ydxf av;q,f NzpfvmNyD
xl;qef;w,f
uGsefrwkdYb0ukd ESvkH;om;awG zGifhvSpfNyD;awmh topf pwifr,f
aysmf&TifrIeJY cGifhvTwfrIawGudk vlwkdif;twGufay;r,f
'Dawmh MuGa&mufvmwJhtwGuf aus;Zl;yg
aeOD; b,folYudkcGifhvTwfrSmvJ
olu NcKHaNymwm NzpfrSmyg
twdwfudk twdwfrSmyJxm;cJhzkdY
rausrcsrf;rNzpfyJaezkdY
'gayr,fh txl;oNzifh b,folYudkcGifhvTwfrSmvJ
ig qkrawmif;cif tao;pdwfav;awG odcsifw,fav
tif; &Sif&,f uGsefr taz&,f NyD;awmh wpfNcm;vlawG&,f
[kwfygNyD
rif; igeJY NyóemwpfcsdK&Sdwm igodygw,f
'gayr,fh odcsifvkdYyg olu bmtwGufvJ
'Drwkdifcifwkef;u ol&SdrSef;awmif b,folrS rodMubl;
uGsefr rdbawGu i,fi,fav;uwnf;u uGm&Sif;cJhMuw,f
uGsefrwkdY tcsdefawGtrsm;MuD; twlraecJh&bl; tJh'gukdNyKNycsifw,f
NyD;awmh b@ma&;tcuftcJawGudkvJ NyKNyifcsifw,f
b@ma&;tcuftcJ&Sdw,fvm;
ol aiGacs;zkdYawG iSm;zkdYawG tJh'gawGukdaNymwm
ol bmaNymwmvJ odygw,f
rif;u rdef;rvSav;yg 'gayr,fh enf;enf;axGNym;aew,f
aNym&r,fqkd rif;u tqifhaNcmufavmuf&Sdw,f
aNcmufwpf0ufayghav
'gayr,fh rif;ukd 11 avmufNzpfatmif vkyfay;vkdY&w,f
'wfbfukdawGYwkef;u olu 7
tckqkd 12 NzpfaeNyD
uGsefr 12 Nzpfcsifw,f
rif; tysif;MuD;vkdYrNzpfbl; uGsefr tysif;rMuD;csifbl;
'DrSmMunfh ysif;aevkdYrNzpfbl;
rysif;ygbl;
olYcE©mukd,f b,fvkd&vmwmvJ odvm;
a*sqifay;wJh cE©mudk,f
aNymav a*sqifay;wJh cE©mudk,f
xyfaNym - a*sqifay;wJh cE©mudk,f
tck a*sqifyJaNym a*sqif
aemufwpfacguf - a*sqif
Mum;&wm rSefovkdyJr[kwfvm;
tif;
tck bmawGNzpfaewmvJ
aemufqkH; rif;wkdYESpfa,mufNrifcJhwm b,fwkef;uvJ odcsifvkdYyg
uGsefawmfwkdY NyD;cJhwJhtywfurS aeYvnfpmtwlpmcJhao;w,f
tJh'Drwkdifcifua&m
ckESpfESpfavmuf&Sdvdrfhr,f
ckESpfESpf 'g[moyJaemf
tkdvHypfESpfckpmyJ
'gayr,fh igu vlqkd;aygh
'wfbf em;vnf&rSmu ukd,fhrdbukd ulnDwm rrSm;bl;qkdwmyJ
NyD;awmh rdbtaeeJYvJ uav;ukd ulnDwm rrSm;ygbl;
tkdvDAmvJ 'gukdoabmwlrSmaocsmygw,f
tck wu,fyJ 'gawGaNymawmhrSmvm;
bmvkyfaevkdYvJ qkawmif;pum;ukd igpwm r[kwfbl;av
uGsefr tazukd aiGacs;zkdYaNymawmhrSmvm;
olwpfaeYudk atmfya&;&Sif;av;ck vkyfw,f
uGufwdyJav tm;vkH;udkvJ ulnD&musr,f
olpGefYypfoGm;wJh tNypfawGvJaMur,f
cGifhvTwfrIukd 0,fvkdYr&bl; [kwfw,faemf ydxf
b,folrS 'grsdK;ukdapmifhraeygbl;
Nyefay;rSmyJav
rif;wkdY tusyftwnf;qkdufae&ifvJ ig ulnDzkdYtqifoifhygyJ
ukd,fhrdom;pk0ifawGqDu aiGacs;w,fqkdwm raumif;bl;
tJh'g rauseyfrIawG ay:vmapw,f
tif; tif;
igbmvkyf&rvJ ighb0u pkwfNywfaewmygvkdY 0efcH&rvm;
ig'DvkdaNym&rvm; auseyfvm;
igrvkdcsifcJhwJh uav;awGeJY aysmfvkdYr&bl;vm;
&Sifwpfcgavmuf uGsefrwdkYqDrSm aiGrawmif;yJaecJh&if
rdom;pk olu rdom;pkav
rSefw,f olu rdom;pk
rif; 'gudktNynfht0em;rvnfygbl;
rif;tazu xGufoGm;wm rif;pdwf'Pf&m&aew,f
tcspfudk rcHpm;wwfwm rif;trSm;r[kwfbl;
tJh'grsdK;uawmh
igaNymwm 'Dt"dyÜg,fr[kwfbl;
&Sifodvm; &Sifhtazvkd tazrsdK;xuf uGsefr tazvkd tazrsdK;udkyJ vkdcsifw,f
ol uGsefrukd&l;atmifrvkyfbl;
uGsefr taz&JU taumif;qkH; t&nftcsif;u bmvJodvm;
ol wpfckrS rawmif;qkdzl;wmyJ
ol tck b,fvkdxifaevJ rodbl;
'DrSmMunfh - bmrSr[kwfbl;
uGsefr olYudkodawmifrodbl;
olrygayr,fhvJ uGsefr aumif;aumif; MuD;Nyif;vmwmyJ
ri;fNyóem bmvJqkdwm igodNyD
rif;u*sK;awGukdrkef;wm
rif;uav;awGu *sL;qkdawmh tJh'gawmh xl;qef;w,f
*sK;udpöxnfhrokH;eJY v,f&D
igokH;aewmr[kwfbl; - tJh'gMuD;u tokH;vGefaeNydD
*sK;udpöu tokH;vGefw,fqkdwm r&Sdbl;
rSefw,f tokH;vGefw,fqkdwm r&Sdbl; tNrJwrf;okH;vkdY&w,f
igoGm;awmhr,f
tif; aumif;om;yJ tHhMop&mMuD;ygvm;
bkdif tkdvDAm aemufrSawGYr,f aemufckESpfESpfrS xyfawGYMuwmaygh
cifAsm; 'DaeYrSawGYwJh aNr;awGudk aocsm ElwfqufoGm;vkdufOD;
uGsefawmf bmvkyfvkyf cifAsm;aMumifh b,fawmhrS rSefw,fr&Sdbl;
uGsefawmf b,favmufcufcufcJcJMudK;pm; MudK;pm; uGsefawmfu raumif;wJhaumif
'gayr,fh uGsefawmf bmodoGm;vJodvm;
tJh'g cifAsm; cifAsm;raumif;wm
tJh'gukd tqifaNyatmif nSdEkdifygap
uwfbfawG yefeefYawGukd EkdifwJh tcsdefus&ifawGYr,f
ig za,mif;wkdifoGm;xGef;vkdufOD;r,f qufvkyfxm;
xyfNyD;awmh qkawmif;Mu&atmif - &Sifyg;pyfydwfxm;ygvm;
&Sif uGsefrukd bwfpfum;atmufukd wGef;cswm
[ifhtif; r[kwfbl; - &Sif uGsefrukd..
&Sif uGsefrukd bwfpfum;atmufukd wGef;cswm
igwkdY cGifhvTwfNyD; xm;vkdufzkdY oabmwlNyD;NyD
aemufawmh rif; ightazukd t&l;vkdyJNyóem&Smw,f
uGsefr &Sifhtazukd Nyóem&Smwmr[kwfbl;
&Sif uGsefrukdaNymwmawGukd olYukdNyefaNymwm
'Dvkdrvkyfprf;ygeJY
uGsefr 'DvkdNzpfatmif &Sifvkyfaewm
uGsefru aysmfaysmfaewwfw,f
uGsefru aysmfwwfwJhq,fvd [pfa[mheJYuw,f
uGsefr b0wpfckvkH; owdÅr&SdwJholawGukd
&Sdvmatmifvkyfvm&wm
aemufqkH;awmh owÅd&Sdwm uGsefrwpfa,mufyJ
tar
tar bmvkyfaewmvJ
bmvJ
tar aq;vdyfaomufaew,fav a&SUNcHcif;ay:rSm
[ifhtif; tJh'g bmhbf[mawGyg
tar
tar b,fwkef;u aq;vdyfaomufwwfwmvJ
tar aq;vdyfraomufygbl;
taraNymawmh aq;vdyfaomufwhJ olawGu aow,fqkd
tar aq;vdyfraomufbl; aq;vdyfaomufaewmr[kwfbl;
orD;Nrifw,f
r[kkwfygbl;
tar aq;vdyfaomufaew,f
'wfbf eif ukd,f0ef&SdaewJhtcsdefrSm aq;vdyfaomufvkdYr&bl;av
tar ukd,f0ef&Sdaew,f
vkH;0yJ orD;nDraemufwpfa,muf rvkdcsifbl;
orD; olYudk nDr tNzpfrvkdcsifbl;
aqm&D; aqm&D; &kwfw&ufxGufoGm;wm
rif;ukd,f0ef&Sdaew,f b,fwkef;u &SdaewmvJ
&Sif b,fwkef;u *&kpkdufcJhzl;vJ &Sif aemufuav;wpfa,muf rvkdcsifbl;av
ig bmvkdcsifvJ rif;rodygbl;
orD; tm&Suav;av;vkdcsifw,f
igwkdY tm&Suav; &rSmr[kwfbll;
&rSm
olwkdYu tm&Som;awGr[kwfbl; aq'd
- 'gqkd 0,fr,f - yg;pyfydwfxm; aq'D
yg;pyfydwfxm; csmvuf
yg;pyfydwf aq'D yg;pyfydwfxm; csmvuf
tkdau aq'D yg;pyfydwf
yg;pyfydwfxm; csmvuf
yg;pyfydwfqkdwJhpum;udkraNymMueJYawmh
b,fwkef;u odwmvJ
&Sif udwfrkefYawGpm;raeeJY aus;Zl;NyKNyD;
udwfrkefYawGpm;raeeJY udwfrkefYawGpm;raeeJY
rif; uav;&awmhr,fvkdYMum;w,f
awGYvm; tJh'g b,folrqkdNzpfEkdifw,f
odyf tHhMop&maumif;wmyJ
rif;twGuf *kPfNyKvkduf&atmif
odyfaumif;wmyJ t&rf;0rf;omw,f
'gawmhvlMuD;qefvGef;w,f tNyifoGm;&atmif
*kPf,lygw,f
'gNzifh uGsefrwkdYxm0& twlae&awmhr,fxifw,f
tNrJwrf; 'DvkdyJr[kwfbl;vm;
&Sifu uav;awmif vkdcsifwmr[kwfbl;
vkdcsifwmaygh 'DvkdrsdK; wpfcgrS raNymzl;ygbl;
a&G;cs,fcGifh&Sd&ifawmh rvkdcsifbl;aygh
vSvkdufwJhpum; u'fNym;ay:rSma&;&atmif
'wfbD
udk,f0efaqmif &wmuHaumif;ygap
'gayr,fh *&kawmhpkdufaemf
touf 40 rS ukd,f0efaqmifwm tEÅ&m,frsm;w,f
ord; 40 r[kwfygbl; - [kwfygw,f
orD;ukdarG;wm 'DZifbm ig; 1972 av
orD; av;q,fr[kwfbl; taz b,fvkdodvJ
taz&Sdw,fav tazyJ orD;tarukd aq;&kHvkdufykdYwm
olaNymwm tJh'Dvkdr[kwfygbl;
orD;tar arG;cef;xJudk rdepf 20 yJ0ifvkduf&w,f
orD;u tazhukdawGYzkdYrapmifhEkdifbl; awG;Munfhprf;
orD; tazhukdawmif aumif;aumif;rodbl;
'Dukd&kwfw&ufMuD; 0ifvmNyD; twdwfukdpm;NrKHYNyefaevkdYr&bl;av
igwkdYu wpfa,mufb0rSmwpfa,muf &Sdraeoifhbl;xifygw,f
'Dvkdvkyfwm raumif;bl;xifw,f
aeOD; aeygOD;
taz wu,fxGufoGm;w,f NyefvJ rvmcJhbl;av
igh yxrb0u ysufpD;oGm;NyD aemufwpfckudk taumif;qkH;Nzpfatmifvkyfaewm
'Dawmh uGsefr tazhb0udkzsufcJhw,faygh orD;u &SpfESpfav
ig olwkdYb0xJukd0ifryg&if vlawGtwGuf ykdtqifaNyw,f
ighom;u 'DvkdyJaNymw,f
ighb0u odyfNyD;NynfhpkHw,fxifaevm;
ighrSm 13 ESpfom; aq;orm; om;eJY
Zkdavmhzfudk &SifoefatmifvkyfaewJh rdef;reJY
taz t&ifu wpfcgrS raNymygbl;
taz 'gawG rif;ukdaNymNycsifw,f a0rQ csifw,fxifaevm;
tazwkdYu 'Dvkdr[kwfbl;av pum;aNymavhaNymx r&Sdbl;av
wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf rodbl; 'DvkdyJ orD;aecsifw,f xifcJhwm
ig 'Duae b,fvkdxGufoGm;&rvJ
tm;vkH;ukd 'Duae ausmfoGm;zkdY b,fvkdulnD&rvJ
tazh avoHu aq'Dtwkdif;yJ
aq'Dqkdwm b,folvJ
aq'Du orD;&JU uav; ti,fvm;
tMuD;
tMuD;wpfa,muf odw,f odw,f vdrfrmwJh uav;yg
igwkdYxJu wpfcsdKUNyefrSNzpfawmhr,f
'Duae ckd;xGufoGm;vkYd&rvm;
taz b,foGm;wmvJ
taumif;qkH;arG;aeYyJ
pufbD;vrf;aemf
eifhtaz &Sdaewkef;yJ
igodw,f xl;qef;w,f
ydxfu b,fa&mufaewmvJ
*sdK;qufyf 'DrSmcPaevkdY&rvm;
[kdif;*sdK;qufyf
udwfrkefYpm;rvm;
tif; aus;Zl;yg
aumif;NyDav
olwdkY odyfcspfzkdYaumif;wmyJ
cspfzkdYaumif;w,f
oluvJ wGrfywfwDeJYwpfax&mxJyJ
auGYoGm;
owdxm; owdxm;
yDwm ygwDu aysmfzkdYaumif;w,faemf
tif;
taumi;fqkH;yJ
aemufawmh vIyfvkdufw,f
aemufawmh pm;aomufqkdifay:vmw,f
taz orD; ydxfukdoGm;&SmOD;r,f
uav;awGeJY cPxyfaeay;rvm;
orD; aeay;apcsif&if
taz tqifaNyrSyg wrif aeay;p&mrvkdygbl;
tif;
aq'D tazhudk vkdpfh aemufqkH;ykdif; NycGifhay;&rvm;
olu tazMunfhNyD;NyDvm;vkdYar;w,f rMunfh&ao;bl;
tif; aumif;om;yJ
olu MunfhvkdY&w,fwJh vm
igeifhudk vkdpfhMunfhcGifhay;r,f vm
aMumufp&maumif;vm;
t&rf;aMumufp&maumif;vm&if igeifhrsufvkH;udk umay;xm;r,f
rif; ighukdpdwfqkd;aewmvm; ig bmaNymvkdufrdvJ
v,f&D wkd;wkd;aeyg
vmaemufaewmvm;
cifAsm; uGsefawmfhudk wHcg;vmzGifhw,f
igrif;udk wHcg;zGifhwmr[kwfbl; ighwHcg;udkigzGifhwm
uGsefawmf 'DrSmav
cifAsm; wHcg;rzGifhcif t&ifMunfh&rSm
uGsefawmf pufbD;vrf;ay:rSm&Sdawm
b,fvkdvkyfodrSmvJ bmpufbD;vrf;rSmr[kwfbl;
'gvlae{&d,m aocsmMunfhOD;
owdxm;
rsufvkH;zGifh bmvkyfaewmvJ a,mifNyD;vrf;avQmufaewmvm;
pufbD;orm; vmrvm cifAsm;Munfh&rSmav
cifAsm;Munfh&rSm
rif;twGuf Munfhay;zkdYu ightvkyfr[kwfbl; ukd,fhtwGuf ukd,fMunfh
igrif;udkrNrifbl;
rif; b,fa&mufaevJ bmvkyfaevJ igrodbl;
uGsefawmfhukd b,folrS rMunfhay;Mubl;
rif;emrnfeJYzkef;eHygwfay;
bmvkdYvJ
rif; NyLwif;aygufzkd;ay;&r,f
uGsefawmfhpufbD;eJYrsufESmtwGufray;bl;vm;
ighudk rav;rpm;rvkyfeJY
tJh'g olqkdwm aocsmvm;
ol r[kwfbl;xifygw,f
cifAsm;eHygwf csa&;xm;vkdufr,f
qef;vef;u &def;csf&kdAm
&Sif bmvkyfaewmvJ
ygwDu rif;pDpOfovkdrNzpfcJhbl;
ygwDu aysmfzkdYraumif;bl;
tdwfpfa&;awG NyD;wmeJY,lvmcJhr,f
oltqifaNy&JUvm;
oleH&kd;usdK;oGm;w,f enf;enf;ikdw,f
'gayr,fh bmrSrNzpfEkdifygbl;
ydxffu b,fwkef;urS wkdufckdufwwfwJholrsdK;r[kwfbl;
tJh'gaMumifh rif;udkvufxyfcJhwm tJh'gaMumifh rif;udk olcspfwm
rif;u wkdufckdufwwfwJholav
tJh'gudkvJ vkdtyfw,f
vlESpfa,mufxJu wpfa,mufuawmh wkdufckdufwwfrSav
&Sif taumif;aNymwmygaemf
tJh'gtMuD;tus,fcsD;rGrf;wmyg
aus;Zl;
NyD;awmh rif; bmawGpdwfylaewmvJ igodw,f
ol ighvkdNzpfvmr,fvkdY rif;xifaew,f
'gayr,hf tJh'DvkdrNzpfEkdifygbl;
olu ykdawmfw,f ykdvJ acsmw,f
*sK;odyfrqefbl;
ig;q,fausmf&ifawmh tJh'gawG aNymif;vJoGm;rSmayghav
wpfaeYEkd;vmwJhtcg &mbkdifeJYtwlNzpfaer,f
'gayr,fh owif;aumif;uav
ol rif;udktNrJcspfoGm;rSmyg
'g igwkdY 'DtifatrSmygNyD;om;
igwkdYu NrJwJholawG
ol &Sifhukdpdwfylw,fodvm;
tJh'g olYtay:zdtm;awGydapw,f
igodygw,f 'gayr,fh ighrSm wpfNcm;wkdifyif&r,fhol b,folrSr&Sdbl;av
uvJ&fukd bmvkdYpum;raNymwmvJ
ig olYudkzGifhaNym&if ol ighudkxm;oGm;rSmaygh
[ifhtif; rxm;ygbl;
v,f&D ol&Sifhudkcspfw,f
'gayr,fh raeEkdifwJhae&mqkdwm&Sdw,fav
olwkdY w&m;0ifrawmif;yef&if cGifhvTwfzkdYqkdwm
cufw,feJYwlygw,f
&Sifawmif;yefaewmvm;
tawmfeD;pyfygw,f
tif; igpdwfraumif;ygbl;
tm;vkH;tqifaNywm ig0rf;omygw,f
aus;Zl;yg
aus;Zl;
z,fawmhr,f
aNym&rSm wpfrsdK;MuD;yJ
bmvJ
ig um;c a':vm av;q,fvkdw,f
&,fp&myJ
[ifhtif; igaemufwmr[kwfbl;
tif;aygh
rif; ighudkum;armif;ac:vmwmav igrNyifqifvm&bl;
odw,f uGsefrrSmw&myJygw,f
&ygw,f
ig rif;udktaMuGNyefvmay;yghr,f
ighukd,fpm; olYudkvJerf;vkdufygOD;
tbkd;awmh em;rvnfbl;
tJh'g0rf;enf;p&mr[kwfbl;
aysmfp&m olwkdYwpfa,mufuHw&m;udk wpfa,muf ulnDNznfhqnf;ay;cJhMuw,f
tif; igtdrfrufqkd;awG rufawmhrSmyJ
uGsefrwkdY tm;vkH;udkaNymif;vJzkdYrMudK;pm;cif
b0ukdykdoabmusw,f
pdwfraumif;ygbl;
igpdwfraumif;ygbl; ig rif;qDu bmrS rxdrfcsefxm;oifhbl;
igrif;udkcspfw,f rif;u ighZeD;
rif; ighudkpdwfrysufapcsifbl;
uGsefrukd,f0ef&Sdwm &Sifa'goxGufvm;
iga'gorxGufbl; 0rf;omygw,f
&Sif acsmifydwfcH&ovkd rcHpm;&bl;vm;
wpfcgwpfav uGsefr &Sifhukd acsmifydwfrdovkdyJ
acsmifydwfovkdrcHpm;&ygbl;
wu,fvm; - [ifhtif;
tJh'DvkdcHpm;&oifhw,f igrif;udk acsmifydwfcJhwm
rif; b,fukdrS oGm;vkdYr&bl;
igrif;udk aemufwpfb0vkH; q,fESpfcg ukd,f0ef&SdatmifvkyfaerSm
rif; ighudk b,fawmhrS xm;cJhvkdYr&bl;
uGsefr &SifhqDu acsmifydwfcH&w,fvkdY rxifygbl;
uGsefr &SifeJYtwlaecGifh&wm0rf;omw,f &Sifhukdodyfcspfw,f
&Sifu wpfavmuvkH;rSm uGsefr tcspfqkH;vl
uGsefr bmvkdY 'Dvkdikdae&wmvJ
uGsefr bmNzpfaevJ rodbl;
rif;ukd,f0ef&Sdaewmav
tif;
uGsefr tNyifrSm &Sifhtazukd olYudkoabmuswJhtaMumif;aNymaewm
wu,fvkdY olukd wu,f oabmusw,fxifoGm;&if b,fvkdvkyfrvJ
[ifhtif; ol 'Dvkdrxifygbl;
olYukd uGsefr 'Davmufoabmusw,fvkdY rxifapcsifbl;
[ifhtif; b,fawmhrS 'DvkdrNzpfygbl;
,kHEkdifvm; 'gt&l;oGyfqkH;udpöyJ
wwd,uav;udk b,fvkdvkyfMurvJ
igvJ rodbl; b,fvkdaiGxkwf&rvJ
tdrfa&mif;r,fav
a&mif;p&mrvkdygbl;
vkdtyfw,f vkdtyfw,f
uGsefrwdkYtdrftopfrSm rSwfOmPftopfawGzefwD;Mur,f
igrif;udkcspfw,f
&SifharG;aeYrSm &Sif bmvkyfcsifao;vJ
'DaeYu tqkd;qkH;aeYyJ
wpfckawmh&Sdw,f rif;awmh oabmusr,frxifbl;
bmvJ
ig *DwyGJwpfckavmufoGm;Munfhcsifw,f vkyfay;ekdifrvm;
tif;
wu,fvm; tif;
r,kHEkdifp&myJ 'gayr,fh 'DvkdaNymwm0rf;omygw,f
'Duae &Sifhudk b,fvkdckd;xkwfoGm;MurvJ
'g pdwÅZaq;&kHrSr[kwfwm ighqkH;NzwfcsufeJYigqif;vkdY&ygw,f
[kwfvm; - tif;
ig ckdokdufay:ysHoGm;wmrSr[kwfwm
rsufESmay:ukdacgif;tkH;rwifeJYaemf
'Du ac:xkwfoGm;&atmif
&r,f q&m
ighukd o,frvm;
rif; ighudkwpfcsdefvkH;o,faewmyJ
aus;Zl;
uGsefr 'DoDcsif;udkoabmusw,f
[kwfvm;
bmvkdYvJ
olYudk pmcsKyfygvm;
&kdif,ef t'rf ol igeJYb,fpmcsKyfyghrvJ
bmvkdYvJ &Sifu tawmfqkH;yJ
olu avmavmqnf em;aew,f
yGJNyD;&if oleJYpum;oGm;aNym&atmif